Isabel7 Common Issues Found in Used Excavators and How to Fix Them
When purchasing a used excavator, it’s easy to get excited about all the potential work it can do for you. However, used excavators often come with their fair share of issues that need to be addressed to ensure they run smoothly. Whether you’re a seasoned contractor or a newcomer to the world of heavy equipment, knowing how to identify and fix these issues is essential for maximizing the value and lifespan of your investment.
In this article, we’ll explore the seven most common problems found in used excavators, and we’ll show you practical steps on how to fix them. Taking care of these problems early can save you time, money, and frustration in the long run.
For more details on buying used excavators, check out our Buying Guide.
Introduction
Excavators are indispensable tools in construction, demolition, and mining. Buying used excavators can be a smart financial decision, but they often come with challenges like wear and tear from previous owners. A thorough inspection before purchasing and regular maintenance afterward can prevent most issues.
In this article, we’ll highlight common problems and explain how to fix them, ensuring that your excavator stays in excellent condition.
If you’re considering purchasing a used excavator, don’t forget to refer to our Brand Comparisons and Price Guide for insights.
What to Look for When Buying a Used Excavator
Before diving into common issues, it’s essential to know what to look for when buying a used excavator. Performing a comprehensive inspection can prevent future headaches.
H3: Inspecting the Exterior and Undercarriage
Inspect the machine’s body for any visible damage, such as cracks or dents. The undercarriage is especially important; wear on the tracks and rollers can be expensive to repair.
Check out our Checklist for Buying Used Excavators for a more in-depth guide.
Evaluating the Hydraulic System
Hydraulic problems are common in used excavators. Check for leaks or low fluid levels, and ensure that all hydraulic functions, such as the boom and arm, move smoothly. For more on hydraulic system maintenance, refer to our Maintenance Longevity Tips.
Common Issues with Used Excavators
After purchasing your used excavator, keep an eye out for these seven common issues that often arise.
1. Hydraulic Leaks
Hydraulic systems are vital for the movement of the excavator’s arm, boom, and attachments. Over time, hoses, seals, and connections can wear out, leading to leaks.
Symptoms of Hydraulic Leaks
- Slow or unresponsive hydraulic movements
- Visible fluid pooling under the machine
- Low hydraulic fluid levels
How to Fix Hydraulic Leaks
- Inspect hoses, fittings, and cylinders for visible leaks.
- Replace any damaged hoses or seals.
- Refill hydraulic fluid to the correct levels, and monitor for future leaks.
- If the leak persists, you may need to replace the hydraulic pump. For further guidance, consult our Best Practices for Excavator Maintenance.
2. Engine Problems
Engine issues can be a significant concern, especially in older excavators. Problems often arise from poor maintenance, such as infrequent oil changes or clogged air filters.
Symptoms of Engine Issues
- Difficulty starting the engine
- Unusual noises or vibrations
- Loss of power or poor performance
How to Fix Engine Problems
- Start by checking the fuel and air filters and replace them if necessary.
- Ensure that the oil is clean and at the right level.
- If the engine is overheating, inspect the radiator for blockages or leaks.
- For more engine maintenance tips, see our Inspection Guidelines.
3. Electrical Failures
Electrical systems can be prone to failure, particularly in machines that have been used for a long time. Issues can range from simple wiring problems to more complex failures like faulty alternators or starters.
Symptoms of Electrical Failures
- Electrical components (lights, gauges) not working
- Difficulty starting the machine
- Inconsistent operation
How to Fix Electrical Issues
- Inspect all wiring for wear or damage, and repair or replace any faulty wiring.
- Check the battery and charging system to ensure it is functioning properly.
- Replace blown fuses and check the alternator for signs of wear.
4. Track and Undercarriage Wear
The undercarriage bears much of the weight and stress of operating an excavator. Worn-out tracks or rollers can significantly impact performance and increase fuel consumption.
Symptoms of Undercarriage Wear
- Uneven movement of tracks
- Visible cracks or holes in the tracks
- Worn-out rollers or sprockets
H4: How to Fix Undercarriage Wear
- Replace any worn tracks, rollers, or sprockets.
- Clean the undercarriage regularly to remove dirt and debris.
- Lubricate components frequently to reduce friction and wear.
For more information on how to maintain your undercarriage, see our Cold Weather Tips and Muddy Terrain Maintenance.
5. Cooling System Problems
An overheating engine is one of the most serious issues that can cause extensive damage to an excavator. Regularly checking the cooling system is essential to avoid overheating.
Symptoms of Cooling System Problems
- High engine temperatures
- Leaking coolant
- Overheating warning lights
How to Fix Cooling System Issues
- Check the coolant levels and top them off if needed.
- Inspect the radiator for blockages or leaks and clean or repair it.
- Ensure that the radiator cap is sealing properly, and replace it if necessary.
6. Faulty Pumps and Valves
Hydraulic pumps and valves control the flow of fluid in the system. If they fail, the excavator’s hydraulic system may become unresponsive, causing a reduction in performance.
Symptoms of Faulty Pumps and Valves
- Slow or unresponsive hydraulics
- Fluid leaks
- Irregular or erratic machine movements
How to Fix Pumps and Valve Issues
- Inspect and replace any faulty pumps or valves.
- Ensure that the hydraulic fluid is clean and free of contaminants.
- If necessary, rebuild or replace the hydraulic pump.
For more on pump and valve maintenance, check out our Optimization Tips.
7. Deteriorated Seals and Gaskets
Seals and gaskets prevent hydraulic fluid leaks and keep debris out of sensitive components. Over time, they can degrade and cause leaks or contamination.
Symptoms of Deteriorated Seals and Gaskets
- Fluid leaks
- Increased dirt accumulation
- Reduced hydraulic efficiency
How to Fix Deteriorated Seals and Gaskets
- Inspect seals and gaskets regularly for wear and cracks.
- Replace any damaged seals or gaskets promptly.
- Use high-quality seals that match the manufacturer’s specifications.
How to Extend the Lifespan of Your Used Excavator
Maintaining your excavator doesn’t end with repairs. Extending its lifespan requires regular care and attention.
Regular Maintenance
Routine maintenance, including oil changes, fluid checks, and parts inspections, is vital to keeping your machine running smoothly. For tips on long-term maintenance, refer to our Maintenance Longevity Guide.
Monitoring Performance
Keep an eye on your excavator’s performance during use. If you notice any inconsistencies, address them immediately to prevent bigger issues.
Choosing the Right Attachments
Using the correct attachments for each job will reduce unnecessary strain on your excavator and help extend its lifespan. For a guide on attachments, check out our Productivity Use Page.
Conclusion
Buying a used excavator can be a great investment, but it comes with challenges. By understanding the common issues and how to fix them, you can keep your machine running efficiently and save on expensive repairs. Regular maintenance, prompt repairs, and proper usage will help extend the lifespan of your used excavator.
For more helpful information on maintaining and operating your excavator, visit our Brand Comparisons and Maintenance Resources.
FAQs
Q1: How do I know if an excavator has hydraulic issues?
Look for slow movements, visible fluid leaks, or low hydraulic fluid levels. For further tips, refer to our Hydraulic System Inspection.
Q2: What is the most common cause of engine failure in used excavators?
Neglecting routine maintenance such as oil changes is a primary cause. Check our Engine Maintenance Tips for more.
Q3: How can I prevent electrical failures in my excavator?
Regularly check wiring and ensure the battery is in good condition. For more advice, see our Electrical System Guide.
Q4: What should I do if my excavator’s tracks are worn out?
Replace the worn tracks and clean the undercarriage regularly. For track maintenance, check out our Undercarriage Care.
Q5: How often should I inspect my excavator’s cooling system?
It’s best to inspect the cooling system before every major job. See our Winter Care Tips for more on cooling system maintenance.
Q6: What type of maintenance should I do to prevent undercarriage wear?
Regularly clean and lubricate the undercarriage. For tips, visit our Muddy Terrain Maintenance page.
Q7: Can I fix a faulty hydraulic pump on my own?
It’s best to consult a professional mechanic for pump repairs. For more on pump and valve issues, check out our Pumps and Valves Care.